The associations of Jesus and wisdom very probably began with the historical Jesus himself, or at least, with the memory of Jesus carried by tradents of the Jesus tradition.
According to Martin Hengel (Son of God, 74): “The connection between Jesus and Wisdom had been prepared for by Jesus’ own preaching during his ministry, the form of which was very much in the wisdom tradition.” Similar is James Dunn (Christology in the Making, 206): “In other words, if Jesus thought of himself at all in relation to wisdom it was as Wisdom’s (eschatological) messenger.”
To read further, consider taking out a paid subscription, only $7 per month or $75 per year, supports me in my ministry and scholarship, and gets you 3-4 posts per week on biblical studies, Christianity and gender relationships, cultural commentary, previews of my books, and some cool videos.